Suppose I enter a room and there find a number of bags, containing different kinds of beans. On the table there is a handful of white beans; and, after some searching, I find one of the bags contains white beans only. I at once infer as a probability, or as a fair guess, that this handful was taken out of that bag. This sort of inference is called making an hypothesis. It is the inference of a case from a rule and a result. We have, then–

      DEDUCTION.

Rule.–All the beans from this bag are white.
Case.–These beans are from this bag.
.·.Result.–These beans are white.

      INDUCTION.

Case.–These beans are from this bag.
Result.–These beans are white.
.·.Rule.–All the beans from this bag are white

      HYPOTHESIS.

Rule.–All the beans from this bag are white.
Result.–These beans are white.
.·.Case.–These beans are from this bag.