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Commens
Digital Companion to C. S. Peirce
‘Hypothesis [as a form of reasoning]’ (pub. 03.02.13-17:33). Quote in M. Bergman & S. Paavola (Eds.), The Commens Dictionary: Peirce's Terms in His Own Words. New Edition. Retrieved from http://www.commens.org/dictionary/entry/quote-theory-probable-inference-0.
Term: 
Hypothesis [as a form of reasoning]
Quote: 

Corresponding to induction, we have the following mode of inference: [—]

               Hypothesis.

M has, for example, the numerous marks P’, P”, P”’, etc.,
S has the proportion r of the marks P’, P”, P”’, etc.;
Hence, probably and approximately, S has an r-likeness to M.

Thus, we know, that the ancient Mound-builders of North America present, in all those respects in which we have been able to make the comparison, a limited degree of resemblance with the Pueblo Indians. The inference is, then, that in all respects there is about the same degree of resemblance between these races.

If I am permitted the extended sense which I have given to the word “induction,” this argument is simply an induction respecting qualities instead of respecting things. [—]

I call this induction of characters hypothetic inference, or, briefly, hypothesis.

Source: 
Peirce, C. S. (1883). A Theory of Probable Inference. In C. S. Peirce (Ed.), Studies in Logic by Members of the Johns Hopkins University (pp. 126-181). Boston, MA: Little, Brown, and Company.
References: 
CP 2.706-707
Date of Quote: 
1883
URL: 

http://www.commens.org/dictionary/entry/quote-theory-probable-inference-0